Background
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes, with a high prevalence ranging from 21.8% in China, 35.3% in African countries, and an overall prevalence of 20–40% worldwide. This study investigated serum spexin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, comparing those with and without DN, and explored its association with metabolic parameters.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with type-2 diabetes according to ADA guidelines. After obtaining informed consent, urine albumin-to-creatinine-ratio (ACR) was determined and patients were categorized into two groups: with-nephropathy (ACR ≥ 30) and without-nephropathy (ACR < 30). The correlation between spexin and demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical variables was further determined. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between spexin and the likelihood of DN. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined the optimal serum spexin cutoff for distinguishing between groups.
Results
A total of 97 diabetic
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